Low Blood Pressure: Signs, Causes & Fixes

Low blood pressure, or hypotension, may not get as much attention as high blood pressure. But, it is equally harmful and can lead to inadequate blood flow to the brain, heart, and other vital organs. Reduced blood pressure is generally defined as a reading lower than 90/60 mm Hg. Some people naturally have decreased blood pressure readings without any issues. But, for some, it can cause noticeable symptoms and complications. Low blood pressure symptoms can start with nausea and fatigue. But, they might slowly transform into life-threatening situations.

Blood pressure is defined by the amount of blood that the heart pumps. It also refers to the resistance of blood flow in the arteries. While reading the blood pressure, you will notice two numbers:

• Top Number (Systolic Pressure): This refers to the pressure experienced in the arteries when the heart beats.  

• Bottom Number (Diastolic Pressure): This refers to the pressure experienced in the arteries when the heart rests between beats. 

Low Blood Pressure: Signs and Symptoms 

Recognizing the symptoms of hypotension can help prevent major health issues. Some of the most common symptoms of low blood pressure include:

• Dizziness or light-headedness

• Fainting (syncope)

• Blurred or narrowed vision

• Fatigue and lack of concentration

• Cold, pale, or clammy skin

• Nausea

• Shallow breathing

Some people might possess decreased blood pressure as an underlying health symptom. This happens when blood pressure drops suddenly or when it comes with additional symptoms. A sudden decrease in blood pressure can have fatal results. Extreme low blood pressure is known as shock and has the following symptoms:  

• Cold and clammy skin 

• A confused mind, especially in older people 

• Pallor, a disease that causes skin color to decrease 

• Weak and rapid pulse 

• Fast yet shallow breaths 

What Causes Low Blood Pressure? 

Several triggers denote why low blood pressure treatment becomes essential. Some of these include:  

Dehydration 

This is one of the primary reasons for a decrease in blood pressure. Even mild dehydration (especially in hot weather or due to vomiting) can lead to low blood pressure. Some low blood pressure symptoms related to this include:

• Weakness

• Dizziness

• Fatigue

Heart Issues and Endocrine Disorders 

Diseases relating to the heart and endocrine system can lead to lower blood pressure. These include:

• Bradycardia (slow heart rate) 

• Heart valve problems 

• Heart attacks or heart failure 

• Addison’s disease 

• Hypothyroidism 

• Low blood sugar 

Blood Loss and Severe Infections 

Injury or internal bleeding leads to a sudden drop in pressure due to loss of blood volume. Infections entering the bloodstream can cause septic shock, a life-threatening condition of low blood pressure. 

Nutrient Deficiencies and Medications 

Lack of essential vitamins like B12 and folate can affect nerve and red blood cell health, leading to hypotension. Diuretics, beta-blockers, antidepressants, and drugs for Parkinson’s disease are known to lower blood pressure. Some other medications that can cause hypotension include furosemide, hydrochlorothiazide, atenolol, and propranolol. 

Treatment for Low Blood Pressure 

Treatment depends on the cause. Here are some widely recommended low blood pressure treatment options:  

Lifestyle Adjustments 

Make certain changes to your lifestyle and see the positive toll it has on maintaining healthy blood pressure.

• Stay hydrated: Drink at least 2-3 litres of water daily. 

• Add adequate amount of electrolytes in your rehydrating solution or water. 

• Eat small, frequent meals: Large meals can lower blood pressure. 

• Avoid alcohol: It lowers blood pressure further. 

• Use compression stockings: These helps prevent blood pooling in the legs. 

Medication Review 

Adjusting current medication (under medical supervision) if identified as a cause. 

Address Underlying Conditions 

Treatment of hormonal or cardiac disorders can help stabilize blood pressure levels. 

Regular Monitoring 

Home BP monitors can help keep track of any fluctuations and guide further treatment. 

When Should You Visit A Doctor? 

If symptoms of low blood pressure persist or worsen, consult a cardiologist immediately. Residents in Uttar Pradesh can visit a reputed cardiology hospital in Kanpur for expert diagnosis and personalized care. 

Seek urgent care if:

• You experience frequent fainting 

• You have chest pain or breathing difficulties 

• There’s a recent head injury followed by dizziness or blurred vision 

Conclusion 

From complications like dizziness to severe heart and brain damage, the effects of low blood pressure are numerous. So, it is vital to keep track of the symptoms and causes of decreased blood pressure and prevent them from a mile away.  

If you are searching for the best treatment for low blood pressure (hypotension), visit Regency Healthcare Hospital for visible results.